Investigators who conduct research outside the United States may encounter regulations and policies different than those that govern research in the U. S. Regulations may differ in the areas of human subjects, taxation, employment, real estate, licensing, or other matters. Additionally, U.S. export-control laws and regulations may apply to research activities that take place outside the U.S. and that involve the use of technology or the development of certain items (e.g., products, goods, hardware, software, and materials). Because of these differences, Harvard researchers must be aware of their individual responsibilities when conducting research abroad, including the possibility of formal approval by the Provost’s Office.